The word "纷扰" is formed from the characters "纷" and "扰": "纷" combines the silk radical (纟) to imply tangling or multiplicity, with "分" as its phonetic component, meaning numerous or confused; "扰" combines the hand radical (扌) to imply disturbance, with "尤" as its phonetic component, meaning to disturb. Together, they semantically merge confusion and disturbance to express chaos or turmoil.