Definitions

nián (noun) year

Etymology

Pictograph of a person () harvesting grain (). The harvest season is a yearly event.

About

The character for “year” (年) originally depicted the concept of a harvest, with its earliest forms showing a person carrying grain on their back, and this agricultural foundation is still perceptible in its traditional construction, which combines the component for “grain” (禾) over a reduced form meaning “person” (千), which also serves a phonetic function. Over time, this concrete meaning of the harvest cycle, a full agricultural season, naturally extended to signify the abstract period of a solar year. This semantic shift from a specific agricultural event to a general unit of time was complete very early in the character’s history, and it solidified as its primary meaning, with the older sense of “harvest” or “crop yield” becoming a secondary, contextual definition.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

是虎

jīn nián shì hǔ nián.

This year is the Year of the Tiger.

我的龄是十岁。

wǒ de nián líng shì shí suì.

My age is ten years old.

我们去北京旅游了。

qù nián wǒ men qù běi jīng lǚ yóu le.

Last year we traveled to Beijing.

春节都很热闹。

měi nián chūn jié dōu hěn rè nao.

Every year, Spring Festival is very lively.

人是国家的未来。

qīng nián rén shì guó jiā de wèi lái.

Young people are the future of the country.

这部电影讲述了多的故事。

zhè bù diàn yǐng jiǎng shù le duō nián de gù shì.

This movie tells a story of many years.

如果今下雨少,明可能缺水。

rú guǒ jīn nián xià yǔ shǎo, míng nián kě néng quē shuǐ.

If it rains less this year, there might be water shortage next year.

经过多的努力,他终于实现了自己的梦想。

jīng guò duō nián de nǔ lì, tā zhōng yú shí xiàn le zì jǐ de mèng xiǎng.

After many years of effort, he finally realized his dream.