Definitions

mìng (noun) life; fate; destiny
mìng (noun) command; order; decree
mìng (verb) to assign; to command

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound and meaning. Based on the original meaning "command". The meaning later shifted to "fate" and "life".

About

The character 命, formed by combining 令 for 'command' and 口 for 'mouth', initially denoted the issuing of an oral directive or decree, with its structure emphasizing the link between spoken authority and its execution. Over time, the semantic scope of the character extended from concrete orders to abstract concepts, eventually encompassing the ideas of 'destiny' and 'life', thereby reflecting a conceptual shift where existence and fortune were viewed as governed by a supreme mandate. This evolution in meaning, while retaining the foundational notion of imposed will, illustrates how the character adapted to convey broader philosophical understandings of predetermined fate and vital force.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Warring States (~300 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Warring States (~300 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

是最宝贵的。

Shēngmìng shì zuì bǎoguì de.

Life is the most precious thing.

他的运发生了改变。

Tā de mìngyùn fāshēng le gǎibiàn.

His fate has changed.

我们必须服从令。

Wǒmen bìxū fúcóng mìnglìng.

We must obey orders.

这条是他救回来的。

Zhè tiáo mìng shì tā jiù huílái de.

This life was saved by him.

遇到危险时要大声喊救

Yù dào wéixiǎn shí yào dàshēng hǎn jiùmìng.

When in danger, you should shout for help loudly.

他相信这是中注定的。

Tā xiāngxìn zhè shì mìngzhōngzhùdìng de.

He believes this is destined.

那场革改变了国家的运。

Nà chǎng gémìng gǎibiàn le guójiā de mìngyùn.

That revolution changed the country's destiny.

完成这个使,是他毕生的追求。

Wánchéng zhège shǐmìng, shì tā bìshēng de zhuīqiú.

Accomplishing this mission is the pursuit of his entire life.