Definitions

grind; sandstone

Etymology

A stone  used to hone blades;  also provides the pronunciation

About

is a phono-semantic compound: the left-side radical (shí, 'stone') provides the mineral sense, and the right-side component (lì, 'to hone') supplies the pronunciation while also carrying the sharpening meaning. Its traditional form is , using the full character . Literally, it denotes a coarse whetstone for sharpening blades. Through metaphor, the character extended to self-discipline, rigorous training, and the tempering of one's character through hardship, like a blade honed on stone.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern