Definitions

(adjective) solemn; reverent; calm
(adjective) harmonious

Etymology

Depicts the ripe drooping ears of a grain stalk (). was later added as a decorative mark. Based on the original meaning "ears of a grain plant". The meaning of this character has shifted over time and now means "majestic".

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "穆" originates from an early compositional logic where the radical "禾", representing grain or plant life, is combined with a phonetic element that also carried connotations of harmony and fine detail, leading to initial associations with orderly growth and agricultural prosperity. Over time, its semantic field expanded beyond the literal to absorb abstract qualities, gradually emphasizing solemnity, reverence, and a peaceful dignity, which became its primary meanings in classical and modern usage. The traditional form of the character, structured around these integrated components, has remained consistent, visually preserving the link between natural abundance and cultivated refinement. This shift from depicting physical order to expressing human decorum and serene respect demonstrates a common pathway in the semantic development of Chinese characters, where concrete imagery evolves to embody intellectual and social virtues.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这位老师很和蔼。

Zhè wèi Mù lǎoshī hěn hé'ǎi.

This Teacher Mu is very kind.

先生是我们新的邻居。

Mù xiānsheng shì wǒmen xīn de línjū.

Mr. Mu is our new neighbor.

清真寺的气氛庄严肃

Qīngzhēnsì de qìfēn zhuāngyán sùmù.

The atmosphere in the mosque is solemn and reverent.

这座古老的建筑显得十分静

Zhè zuò gǔlǎo de jiànzhù xiǎnde shífēn jìngmù.

This ancient building appears very serene and solemn.

斯林们正在庆祝开斋节。

Mùsīlínmen zhèngzài qìngzhù Kāizhāi Jié.

The Muslims are celebrating Eid al-Fitr.

罕默德是伊斯兰教的先知。

Mùhǎnmòdé shì Yīsīlánjiào de xiānzhī.

Muhammad is the prophet of Islam.

他的性格沉稳而肃,令人起敬。

Tā de xìnggé chénwěn ér sùmù, lìng rén qǐ jìng.

His personality is steady and solemn, inspiring respect.

大厅里笼罩着一派肃哀悼的气氛。

Dàtīng lǐ lǒngzhàozhe yī pài sùmù āidào de qìfēn.

The hall was enveloped in an atmosphere of solemn mourning.