The word "姹紫嫣红" is formed by combining two descriptive phrases: "姹紫" meaning gorgeous purple, and "嫣红" meaning charming red. Each part pairs an adjective (姹 for gorgeous, 嫣 for charming) with a color term (紫 for purple, 红 for red), creating a vivid compound that depicts a spectrum of bright and beautiful colors, typically in reference to flowers.