Definitions

shēn (verb) to state; to express; to explain

Etymology

Depicts a lightning bolt. Based on the original meaning "lightning". The current meaning is a phonetic loan.

About

The character "申" derives from an early pictograph representing lightning or a stretched form, and its unitary structure has persisted without alteration in both traditional and simplified writing systems. Etymologically, its core meaning shifted from indicating physical extension to encompassing verbal actions such as stating, explaining, or making a request, which is reflected in modern compounds like 申请 (to apply) and 申明 (to declare). Additionally, it serves as the ninth Earthly Branch in the traditional calendar, denoting the monkey and the afternoon hours of 3 to 5 PM.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

请了这份工作。

Wǒ shēnqǐng le zhè fèn gōngzuò.

I applied for this job.

我们需要请一个签证。

Wǒmen xūyào shēnqǐng yī gè qiānzhèng.

We need to apply for a visa.

他正式明了自己的立场。

Tā zhèngshì shēnmíng le zìjǐ de lìchǎng.

He formally stated his position.

公司决定向上级诉。

Gōngsī juédìng xiàng shàngjí shēnsù.

The company decided to appeal to the higher authorities.

他在法庭上为自己辩。

Tā zài fǎtíng shàng wèi zìjǐ shēnbiàn.

He defended himself in court.

请简述你请的理由。

Qǐng jiǎnshù nǐ shēnqǐng de lǐyóu.

Please briefly explain your reasons for applying.

这份报告是对政策的引说明。

Zhè fèn bàogào shì duì zhèngcè de yǐnshēn shuōmíng.

This report is an extended explanation of the policy.

该理论由基本公理发而来。

Gāi lǐlùn yóu jīběn gōnglǐ shēnfā ér lái.

This theory is developed from the basic axioms.