Definitions

bìn variant of 髕|髌[bìn]

Etymology phono-semantic

flesh

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

(traditional form ) is a phono-semantic compound, with the flesh radical on the left indicating a connection to the body or body parts, and the phonetic on the right. In its original anatomical sense, it refers to the kneecap (patella). The character then came to designate a severe ancient punishment: the surgical excision or mutilation of the kneecaps, which left the victim permanently unable to walk. This historical usage shifted the character's primary meaning from a neutral anatomical term to a legal and punitive one, and it is extensively recorded in texts describing the harsh penal codes of early Chinese dynasties.