Definitions

chén (noun) official; minister
chén (noun) servant; subject (of a ruler)

Etymology

Pictograph of an eye, similar to . Based on the original meaning "glare at", now written as . The current meaning is a phonetic loan.

About

The character 臣 began as a pictograph of a downward-looking eye. This lowered gaze symbolized a person bowing in submission before a superior, leading to its core meaning of a minister or official serving a monarch. Historically, it was also used as a humble first-person pronoun when officials addressed an emperor, emphasizing loyalty and servitude to the state.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这位大很忠诚。

Zhè wèi dàchén hěn zhōngchéng.

This minister is very loyal.

向国王报告。

Dàchén xiàng guówáng bàogào.

The minister reports to the king.

古代子必须忠心。

Gǔdài chénzǐ bìxū zhōngxīn.

In ancient times, officials had to be loyal.

服于强大的力量。

Tā chénfú yú qiángdà de lìliàng.

He submits to the powerful force.

这位大不仅聪明,而且勇敢。

Zhè wèi dàchén bùjǐn cōngmíng, érqiě yǒnggǎn.

This minister is not only intelligent but also brave.

在历史上,许多子为国王牺牲。

Zài lìshǐ shàng, xǔduō chénzǐ wèi guówáng xīshēng.

In history, many officials sacrificed for the king.

们正在讨论国家大事。

Dàchénmen zhèngzài tǎolùn guójiā dàshì.

The ministers are discussing important national affairs.

尽管面临困难,子依然保持忠诚。

Jǐnguǎn miànlín kùnnán, chénzǐ yīrán bǎochí zhōngchéng.

Despite facing difficulties, the official still remains loyal.