Definitions

jiān (verb) to supervise; to monitor; to inspect
jiān (noun) prison; jail
jiàn (noun) supervisor

Etymology

Simplified form of . Depicts a person () looking () at his own reflection on a plate ().

About

The character "监" originates from the traditional form "監", which is composed of the component for "eye" placed above a component representing a "vessel" or "basin", depicting the act of looking down into a reflective surface such as a water-filled container used as a primitive mirror. This pictographic origin gave it the core meaning of "to observe" or "to mirror", which naturally extended into meanings involving supervision, oversight, and surveillance. Over time, the character's application shifted from the literal act of gazing into a reflection to the metaphorical and administrative sense of overseeing people or affairs, as seen in words for roles like a supervisor or institutions like a prison. The simplified form "监" retains the essential structural idea of the eye component over a modified base, preserving the conceptual link to vigilant observation while streamlining its graphical form.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这个狱有高墙。

Zhège jiānyù yǒu gāo qiáng.

This prison has high walls.

超市里有很多控摄像头。

Chāoshì lǐ yǒu hěnduō jiānkòng shèxiàngtóu.

There are many surveillance cameras in the supermarket.

老师督学生做作业。

Lǎoshī jiāndū xuéshēng zuò zuòyè.

The teacher supervises the students doing homework.

父母是孩子的护人。

Fùmǔ shì háizi de jiānhù rén.

Parents are the guardians of children.

医生测病人的心跳。

Yīshēng jiāncè bìngrén de xīntiào.

The doctor monitors the patient's heartbeat.

考试时,老师必须考。

Kǎoshì shí, lǎoshī bìxū jiānkǎo.

During exams, teachers must invigilate.

他是公司的技术总

Tā shì gōngsī de jìshù zǒngjiān.

He is the technical director of the company.

这部电影由著名导演制。

Zhè bù diànyǐng yóu zhùmíng dǎoyǎn jiānzhì.

This movie is produced by a famous director.