The Chinese word 心有余悸 is formed by the sequential combination of four characters: 心 (heart/mind), 有 (to have), 余 (remaining/surplus), and 悸 (palpitation/fear). These characters are directly assembled to create a literal meaning of "the heart has remaining fear", which concretely depicts the condition where fear persists after a frightening experience, with each character contributing a specific semantic element to the overall concept.