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谽 describes an empty, wide-open valley or deep ravine. As a phono-semantic compound, its left side features the valley radical 谷, which establishes the semantic category related to geographical depressions or hollow mountain spaces. The right side contains 含, meaning "to hold", which serves as the phonetic component indicating pronunciation. Used primarily in literary and poetic contexts, it often appears in compound words depicting vast, imposing mountain gaps. This core meaning of geographical hollowness has remained consistent throughout its use in classical poetry and geographical texts.