The Chinese word 纽卡斯尔 is formed through phonetic transliteration, where each character is selected to approximate the sounds of the English name "Newcastle": 纽 (niǔ) corresponds to "New", 卡 (kǎ) to "cas", 斯 (sī) to "s", and 尔 (ěr) to "le", resulting in a combined pronunciation that mimics the original.