Definitions

jiū (verb) to investigate; to study thoroughly
jiū (adverb) after all; ultimately

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 究 is structurally composed of the semantic element 穴, denoting a cave or hollow space, and the phonetic element 九, which historically contributed to its pronunciation. Etymologically, this combination suggested the conceptual act of delving into or probing the depths of a subject, much as one might explore a cavern. Over time, its meaning shifted from a general sense of investigating or reaching the ultimate extent of something to a more specialized focus on thorough examination and systematic study. This evolution is reflected in its stable graphic form and its central role in modern compounds like 研究, where it retains its foundational implication of exhaustive inquiry.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

者仔细分析数据。

Yánjiū zhě zǐxì fēnxī shùjù.

The researcher carefully analyzes the data.

我们必须研这个计划。

Wǒmen bìxū yánjiū zhège jìhuà.

We must study this plan.

他正在探问题的根本原因。

Tā zhèngzài tànjiū wèntí de gēnběn yuányīn.

He is investigating the root cause of the problem.

卫生的人不容易生病。

Jiǎngjiū wèishēng de rén bù róngyì shēngbìng.

People who pay attention to hygiene don't get sick easily.

这件事竟是谁的责任?

Zhè jiàn shì jiūjìng shì shéi de zérèn?

After all, whose responsibility is this matter?

科学家穷物理世界的奥秘。

Kēxuéjiā qióngjiū wùlǐ shìjiè de àomì.

Scientists exhaustively investigate the mysteries of the physical world.

追根底是他的思维习惯。

Zhuī gēn jiū dǐ shì tā de sīwéi xíguàn.

Getting to the bottom of things is his thinking habit.

此现象之成因尚待深入明。

Cǐ xiànxiàng zhī chéngyīn shàng dài shēnrù jiūmíng.

The cause of this phenomenon still awaits thorough investigation and clarification.