Definitions

(adjective) cold; frigid
(adjective) dismal; bleak; grim; sad; mournful

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "凄" evolved from its traditional form "淒", which combined the water radical (氵) with the phonetic component "妻" to originally denote physical coldness and damp, gloomy conditions. Over time, its semantic scope widened to encompass emotional states of sorrow and desolation, merging the tangible sense of chill with metaphorical bleakness. The simplified form "凄" replaced the water radical with the ice radical (冫) while retaining the phonetic "妻", thus emphasizing the cold aspect and consolidating its dual usage for describing both environmental harshness and deep melancholy.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

冬天的夜晚很凉。

Dōngtiān de yèwǎn hěn qīliáng.

Winter nights are very desolate.

他露出了惨的笑容。

Tā lùchūle qīcǎn de xiàoróng.

He showed a miserable smile.

雨中的街道显得分外凉。

Yǔ zhōng de jiēdào xiǎndé fènwài qīliáng.

The street in the rain appears especially desolate.

战争留下了惨的回忆。

Zhànzhēng liú xiàle qīcǎn de huíyì.

The war left behind tragic memories.

冷的月光照在空地上。

Qīlěng de yuèguāng zhào zài kòngdì shàng.

The cold and dreary moonlight shines on the empty ground.

她独自一人,感到无比楚。

Tā dúzì yī rén, gǎndào wúbǐ qīchǔ.

She is alone and feels immensely sorrowful.

废墟中弥漫着一种迷的气氛。

Fèixū zhōng mímàn zhe yī zhǒng qīmí de qìfēn.

A dreary and blurred atmosphere pervades the ruins.

经济萧条给小镇带来了凉的景象。

Jīngjì xiāotiáo gěi xiǎo zhèn dàiláile qīliáng de jǐngxiàng.

The economic depression brought a desolate scene to the small town.