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蟑 is a phono-semantic compound, combining the insect radical 虫 (chóng) on the left with the character 章 (zhāng) on the right. The 虫 radical indicates that the meaning relates to insects, while 章 serves as the phonetic component, giving the pronunciation zhāng (though it usually means "chapter" or "seal" when used independently). Created specifically to write the word for cockroach, 蟑 appears almost exclusively in the compound 蟑螂 (zhāngláng), the formal name for this common household pest.
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