Definitions

cái (noun) ability; talent; capability
cái (adverb) only then; just now
cái (adverb) only (before quantities)

Etymology

Originally a pictograph of a wooden post, similar to . The current meaning is a phonetic loan.

About

The character "才" originates from an early pictograph depicting a sprouting plant, a form that conceptually embodied innate potential or natural ability from its inception. This foundational sense of inherent talent or capability remained central in classical Chinese, where it commonly referred to a person's endowed gifts or competence. Over time, its semantic field expanded beyond nominal uses, and it acquired important adverbial functions within the language, evolving to indicate notions such as recent occurrence, exclusivity, or conditional necessity, as in meaning "just" or "only". Structurally, it has maintained a simple and unchanged composition throughout its history, directly echoing its pictorial roots while sustaining its dual roles as both a substantive term for ability and a versatile grammatical particle.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Shang dynasty (~1100 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Shang dynasty (~1100 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Warring States (~400 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Warring States (~400 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms: 222-280 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我现在来。

Wǒ xiànzài cái lái.

I only come now.

是好人。

Tā cái shì hǎo rén.

He is the good person.

能做这件事。

Nǐ cái néng zuò zhè jiàn shì.

Only you can do this thing.

非常重要。

Réncái fēicháng zhòngyào.

Talent is very important.

他昨天到北京。

Tā zuótiān cái dào Běijīng.

He only arrived in Beijing yesterday.

只有努力能成功。

Zhǐyǒu nǔlì cáinéng chénggōng.

Only by working hard can you succeed.

直到昨天他告诉我。

Zhídào zuótiān tā cái gàosu wǒ.

Only yesterday did he tell me.

这个问题能被彻底解决。

Zhège wèntí cáinéng bèi chèdǐ jiějué.

This problem can only be thoroughly solved.