Definitions

surname Ru
to eat; (extended meaning) to endure; putrid smell; vegetables; roots (inextricably attached to the plant)

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "茹" is structured with the grass radical atop the phonetic component "如", indicating its early association with plant matter and consumption, as the radical often signals vegetation-related meanings. Its original sense centered on eating, particularly vegetables or coarse food, a usage preserved in classical idioms describing primitive diets. Over time, the meaning broadened from physical ingestion to abstract notions of enduring or suffering, metaphorically extending the idea of consuming something unpalatable to experiencing hardship. This semantic expansion is reflected in later compounds where "茹" conveys tolerance or containment, while its form has maintained the phonetic guidance of "如" without substantial alteration.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

是我的好朋友。

Xiǎo Rú shì wǒ de hǎo péngyou.

Xiao Ru is my good friend.

她每天素不吃肉。

Tā měitiān rú sù bù chī ròu.

She is vegetarian every day and doesn't eat meat.

我朋友素已经三年了。

Wǒ péngyou rú sù yǐjīng sān nián le.

My friend has been vegetarian for three years.

老师教我们中文。

Rú lǎoshī jiāo wǒmen zhōngwén.

Teacher Ru teaches us Chinese.

她姓,叫萍。

Tā xìng Rú, jiào Rú Píng.

Her surname is Ru, and she is called Ru Ping.

这种动物草为生。

Zhè zhǒng dòngwù rú cǎo wéi shēng.

This kind of animal eats grass for living.

在传统文化中,素被视为修行。

Zài chuántǒng wénhuà zhōng, rú sù bèi shì wéi xiūxíng.

In traditional culture, vegetarianism is seen as a practice.

在困难时期,他们只能树皮草根。

Zài kùnnan shíqī, tāmen zhǐ néng rú shùpí cǎogēn.

During difficult times, they could only eat tree bark and grass roots.