Definitions

shù (verb) to forgive; to be lenient; empathy

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 恕, with its traditional form identical to its simplified counterpart, is structurally composed of the components 如 (meaning "like" or "as") placed above 心 (heart or mind), a formation that transparently conveys its core conceptual meaning of "treating another's heart as if it were one's own". This etymology directly informs its primary definition, which is one of empathetic consideration and forbearance, often translated as "forgiveness" or "reciprocity". Its philosophical significance was firmly established in the Analects of Confucius, where it was defined as a central virtue and formulated in the negative golden rule: "do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire". Over centuries, while its application expanded into broader contexts of tolerance and leniency within social and legal discourse, this foundational sense of understanding and sympathetic consideration for others has remained the enduring essence of the character's meaning.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms: 222-280 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我宽你的错误。

Wǒ kuānshù nǐ de cuòwù.

I forgive your mistake.

我不能同意你的观点。

Shù wǒ bù néng tóngyì nǐ de guāndiǎn.

Forgive me for not being able to agree with your point of view.

他请求宽自己的罪过。

Tā qǐngqiú kuānshù zìjǐ de zuìguò.

He asked for forgiveness for his sins.

如果你诚心道歉,我会你。

Rúguǒ nǐ chéngxīn dàoqiàn, wǒ huì shù nǐ.

If you apologize sincerely, I will forgive you.

他人是一种美德。

Kuānshù tārén shì yī zhǒng měidé.

Forgiving others is a virtue.

尽管他伤害了我,但我还是选择他。

Jǐnguǎn tā shānghàile wǒ, dàn wǒ háishì xuǎnzé shù tā.

Even though he hurt me, I still choose to forgive him.

在某些文化中,的概念与正义紧密相连。

Zài mǒu xiē wénhuà zhōng, shù de gàiniàn yǔ zhèngyì jǐnmì xiānglián.

In some cultures, the concept of forgiveness is closely linked to justice.

唯有透过深刻的自我反省,才能真正做到人。

Wéiyǒu tòuguò shēnkè de zìwǒ fǎnxǐng, cái néng zhēnzhèng zuò dào shù jǐ shù rén.

Only through profound self-reflection can one truly achieve forgiving oneself and others.