Definitions

surname Ju
to incline (one's torso); to bow; leather ball used in ancient times; (literary) to bring up; to rear; Taiwan pr. [jú]

Etymology phono-semantic

leather

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 鞠 is structured with the radical 革 (gé), denoting leather, combined with the phonetic and semantic component 匊 (jū), which suggests something rounded or full. This composition reflects its original meanings related to a leather ball used in ancient games and the action of bending or curving, as in making such an object. Over time, the sense of bending evolved to convey the act of bowing respectfully, as seen in the compound 鞠躬. The character's core association with a ball remains in historical contexts, such as the ancient sport of cùjū, while its primary modern usage pertains to the formal gesture of bowing.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

演员向观众躬。

Yǎnyuán xiàng guānzhòng jūgōng.

The actor bowed to the audience.

他每次演出后都躬。

Tā měi cì yǎnchū hòu dōu jūgōng.

He bows after every performance.

为表达感谢,他躬致意。

Wèi biǎodá gǎnxiè, tā jūgōng zhìyì.

To express gratitude, he bowed in salute.

在典礼上,主持人躬欢迎来宾。

Zài diǎnlǐ shàng, zhǔchírén jūgōng huānyíng láibīn.

At the ceremony, the host bowed to welcome the guests.

父母养子女成人。

Fùmǔ jūyǎng zǐnǚ chéngrén.

Parents raise children to adulthood.

躬时显得非常诚恳。

Tā jūgōng shí xiǎndé fēicháng chéngkěn.

When he bowed, he appeared very sincere.

在传统文化中,躬是一种重要礼节。

Zài chuántǒng wénhuà zhōng, jūgōng shì yī zhǒng zhòngyào lǐjié.

In traditional culture, bowing is an important etiquette.

经过多年的育,这些孩子终于成才。

Jīngguò duō nián de jūyù, zhèxiē háizi zhōngyú chéngcái.

After years of nurturing, these children finally became talented individuals.