Definitions

jìn surname Jin
jìn martingale; stingy

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "靳" is a phono-semantic compound, traditionally composed of the semantic component 革 (gé), meaning leather or hide, and the phonetic component 斤 (jīn), which originally represented an axe or adze. This structure points to its earliest known meaning related to the leather tack of a horse, specifically the name for the rear part of a saddle or the straps securing it. Over time, its application narrowed and shifted semantically; while the equine connection faded from common use, the character was adopted primarily as a surname. Concurrently, it developed a verbal meaning, "to stint" or "to be grudging", which may derive metaphorically from the idea of holding something tightly in check, much like restraining straps. The character's form has remained stable in its traditional composition, and its modern usage is almost entirely confined to these two domains of family name and denoting parsimony.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

先生今天来了。

Jīn xiānsheng jīntiān lái le.

Mr. Jin came today.

东是一位演员。

Jìn Dōng shì yī wèi yǎnyuán.

Jin Dong is an actor.

我喜欢东的表演。

Wǒ xǐhuān Jìn Dōng de biǎoyǎn.

I like Jin Dong's performance.

老师教我们数学。

Jìn lǎoshī jiāo wǒmen shùxué.

Teacher Jin teaches us math.

先生正在办公室里工作。

Jīn xiānsheng zhèngzài bàngōngshì lǐ gōngzuò.

Mr. Jin is working in the office.

东的新电视剧很受欢迎。

Jìn Dōng de xīn diànshìjù hěn shòu huānyíng.

Jin Dong's new TV drama is very popular.

家族在这个城市很有名。

Jìn jiāzú zài zhège chéngshì hěn yǒumíng.

The Jin family is very famous in this city.

先生虽然年轻,但已经是一位成功的商人。

Jīn xiānsheng suīrán niánqīng, dàn yǐjīng shì yī wèi chénggōng de shāngrén.

Although Mr. Jin is young, he is already a successful businessman.