Definitions

shǐ (verb) to make; to cause; to enable
shǐ (verb) to use; to employ
shǐ (verb) to send; to dispatch
shǐ (noun) envoy; messenger

Etymology

The characters (history), (government official), 使 (cause; use; instruct), and (matter; work; affair) are all etymologically related and all derive from the same ancient character, depicting a hand () holding a container for writing utensils.

About

The character "使" is structured with the person radical 亻 on the left and the component 吏 on the right, which historically signifies an official, indicating a connection to human agency in formal contexts. Its earliest attested meanings revolved around sending or ordering someone, particularly in the sense of dispatching an envoy or executing a command. Over centuries, the semantic scope of "使" expanded to encompass causing an event or state, as well as utilizing an object, leading to its modern senses of "to use" or "to make happen". The component 吏 contributes both phonetically and semantically, anchoring the character in notions of authority and action, while its applications shifted from concrete dispatches to abstract causation and instrumental functions.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Spring and Autumn (~600 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

学习使我进步。

Xuéxí shǐ wǒ jìnbù.

Studying makes me progress.

使用手机很方便。

Shǐyòng shǒujī hěn fāngbiàn.

Using a mobile phone is very convenient.

使我感到惊讶。

Tā shǐ wǒ gǎndào jīngyà.

He makes me feel surprised.

运动能使身体健康。

Yùndòng néng shǐ shēntǐ jiànkāng.

Exercise can make the body healthy.

恶劣天气使航班延误。

Èliè tiānqì shǐ hángbān yánwù.

Bad weather causes flight delays.

良好的教育能使孩子未来成功。

Liánghǎo de jiàoyù néng shǐ házi wèilái chénggōng.

Good education can make children successful in the future.

政府的新政策使经济发展加速。

Zhèngfǔ de xīn zhèngcè shǐ jīngjì fāzhǎn jiāsù.

The government's new policy accelerates economic development.

如果缺乏沟通,会使双方产生误会。

Rúguǒ quēfá gōutōng, huì shǐ shuāngfāng chǎnshēng wùhuì.

If there is a lack of communication, it will cause misunderstandings between both parties.