Definitions

gōng (verb) to attack
gōng (verb) to study; to research

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 攻, which remains unchanged between traditional and simplified scripts, is structured from the semantic component 工, representing work or craft, combined with the phonetic and semantic component 攵, depicting a hand holding a stick or tool, which conveys an action. Its earliest meanings centered on the application of skilled labor, specifically to craft, construct, or diligently work on something, such as refining jade. Over time, the sense of applying force or effort with a tool evolved into a more specialized martial application, shifting the primary meaning to "to attack" or "to assault", reflecting a strategic and forceful endeavor. This semantic shift from constructive labor to aggressive action was consolidated in classical texts, where 攻 came to denote military campaigns and the study of offensive strategy, while its older sense of dedicated work became largely archaic, preserved only in limited classical contexts.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Warring States (~300 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我们进那座城市。

Wǒmen jìngōng nà zuò chéngshì.

We attack that city.

敌人破了防线。

Dírén gōngpòle fángxiàn.

The enemy broke through the defense line.

军队准备占高地。

Jūnduì zhǔnbèi gōngzhàn gāodì.

The army prepares to capture the high ground.

这次击非常突然。

Zhè cì gōngjí fēichāng tūrán.

This attack was very sudden.

他们用策略下了城堡。

Tāmen yòng cèlüè gōngxiàle chéngbǎo.

They used strategy to capture the castle.

在游戏中,他擅长击对手。

Zài yóuxì zhōng, tā shàncháng gōngjí duìshǒu.

In the game, he is good at attacking opponents.

为了克这个难题,他们花了很长时间。

Wèile gōngkè zhège nántí, tāmen huāle hěn cháng shíjiān.

To overcome this difficult problem, they spent a long time.

如果对方过来,我们必须防守。

Rúguǒ duìfāng gōng guòlái, wǒmen bìxū fángshǒu.

If the opponent attacks, we must defend.