Definitions

qīn (noun) relative; related by blood
qīn (adjective) close; intimate
qīn (noun) parents; family
qīn (verb) to kiss
qīn (adverb) in person; first-hand
qìng (noun) parents-in-law

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "chestnut". This character was repurposed during character simplification as the simplified form of .

About

The character for 'qīn', meaning 'relatives' or 'close', historically appears in its traditional form as '親', which combines the component '亲' indicating phonetic value with '見' denoting the act of seeing, thus originally conveying the concept of visual proximity to family members. Over centuries, its semantic range broadened from denoting immediate family to encompassing any intimate relationship, and later acquired verbal senses such as 'to kiss'. The modern simplified form '亲' retains the phonetic element alone, shedding the semantic radical, yet continues to represent the same core meanings of kinship and closeness within the language.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Jin dynasty (266-420 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

人们都很好。

Qīn rén men dōu hěn hǎo.

All the relatives are very well.

口告诉他了。

Wǒ qīn kǒu gào sù tā le.

I told him personally with my own mouth.

自下厨做饭。

Tā qīn zì xià chú zuò fàn.

She personally cooked the meal.

这对新人非常密。

Zhè duì xīn rén fēi cháng qīn mì.

This newlywed couple is very intimate.

他对孩子过分热了。

Tā duì hái zi guò fèn qīn rè le.

He was overly affectionate with the child.

他们俩密无间像兄弟。

Tā men liǎ qīn mì wú jiàn xiàng xiōng dì.

The two of them are as close as brothers, with no secrets between them.

公司领导切慰问了员工。

Gōng sī lǐng dǎo qīn qiè wèi wèn le yuán gōng.

The company leaders kindly expressed their regards to the employees.

两国签署了新的贸易善协议。

Liǎng guó qiān shǔ le xīn de mào yì qīn shàn xié yì.

The two countries signed a new trade and goodwill agreement.