Definitions

tūn (verb) to swallow

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "吞" has retained a consistent structure throughout its history, composed of the component "天" meaning "heaven" or "sky" placed above "口" meaning "mouth", a visual suggestion of something entering the mouth from above or being taken in whole. This etymology directly informs its core meaning of "to swallow" or "to gulp down", conveying an action that is both complete and often rapid. Over time, while retaining this primary physical sense, its usage expanded into more figurative territories, such as the annexation of territory, the suppression of words or feelings, or the concept of something vast, like darkness, enveloping everything. The traditional form of the character is identical to the simplified one, as it was not altered in the simplification process, and its structural composition has remained a stable representation of its essential meaning from its earliest standardized forms.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms: 222-280 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

下了药丸。

Tā tūn xià le yào wán.

He swallowed the pill.

小猫掉了整条鱼。

Xiǎo māo tūn diào le zhěng tiáo yú.

The kitten swallowed the whole fish.

不要下口香糖。

Bù yào tūn xià kǒu xiāng táng.

Don't swallow the chewing gum.

他饿得想下一头牛。

Tā è de xiǎng tūn xià yì tóu niú.

He was so hungry he could eat a horse (literally: swallow an ox).

巨大的公司并了小企业。

Jùdà de gōngsī tūnbìng le xiǎo qǐyè.

The huge corporation merged with/swallowed up the small enterprise.

他话到嘴边又了回去。

Tā huà dào zuǐ biān yòu tūn le huíqù.

He swallowed his words just as they were about to be spoken.

这种药物需要整片服。

Zhè zhǒng yàowù xūyào zhěng piàn tūnfú.

This medication needs to be swallowed whole.

他的野心似乎要没整个世界。

Tā de yěxīn sìhū yào tūnmò zhěnggè shìjiè.

His ambition seems to want to devour the whole world.