Definitions

zhōng (noun) middle; center
zhōng (preposition) among; within; during
Zhōng (noun) China; Chinese
zhòng (verb) to hit (the mark); to win (a prize)

Etymology

Depicts a flagpole. There is a circle in the middle marking the center of the flagpole. In older forms of the character, the flagpole has streamers at the top and bottom used to show the direction of the wind.

About

The character 中 originated as a pictograph depicting a flagpole positioned in the middle of a field, symbolizing the idea of centrality, with its structure consolidating into a form consisting of a vertical stroke passing through the center of a rectangular shape. This configuration visually reinforces its core meaning of "center" or "inside", from which its semantic range expanded to include "amidst", "medium", and the verbal sense "to hit the target", while also serving in compounds such as 中国, reflecting the historical concept of a central kingdom.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Shang dynasty (~1100 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

国是一个大国。

Zhōngguó shì yī gè dà guó.

China is a big country.

午我们吃午饭。

Zhōngwǔ wǒmen chī wǔfàn.

At noon, we eat lunch.

他在学校学习。

Tā zài xuéxiào zhōng xuéxí.

He studies at school.

这本书在桌子间。

Zhè běn shū zài zhuōzi zhōngjiān.

This book is in the middle of the table.

在讨论,他提出了新想法。

Zài tǎolùn zhōng, tā tíchūle xīn xiǎngfǎ.

During the discussion, he proposed a new idea.

她在国旅行时学到了很多。

Tā zài Zhōngguó lǚxíng shí xuédào le hěn duō.

When she traveled in China, she learned a lot.

在众多选择,他选了最难的。

Zài zhòngduō xuǎnzé zhōng, tā xuǎn le zuì nán de.

Among many choices, he chose the most difficult one.

虽然比赛遇到了困难,但他们没有放弃。

Suīrán bǐsài zhōng yùdào le kùnnán, dàn tāmen méiyǒu fàngqì.

Although they encountered difficulties in the competition, they did not give up.