Definitions

(particle) how? (emphatic question)
kǎi (adjective) happy; joyful

Etymology

Simplified form of . Pictograph of a drum standing upright with a decoration at top, similar to . Refers to celebratory music played after victory in battle.

Phonetic:

About

The character 岂, serving as the simplified form of 豈, is structurally composed of 山 above 己, whereas the traditional form consists of 山 over 豆. Etymologically, 岂 derived from 豈, which originally represented a type of ceremonial drum before being phonetically borrowed in classical Chinese to function as an interrogative particle meaning "how" or "why". This interrogative usage gradually overshadowed its musical origin, and the character shifted to primarily express rhetorical questions or convey surprise in literary and modern contexts, now operating as an adverb in set phrases such as 岂敢 or 岂不.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms: 222-280 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

不是很好?

Zhè qǐbùshì hěn hǎo?

Isn't this very good?

能不知道?

Nǐ qǐnéng bù zhīdào?

How could you possibly not know?

这样做不是浪费时间?

Zhèyàng zuò qǐbùshì làngfèi shíjiān?

Wouldn't doing it this way be a waste of time?

会轻易答应这种条件?

Tā qǐ huì qīngyì dāyìng zhè zhǒng tiáojiàn?

How could he possibly agree to such terms easily?

可听信一面之词?

Nǐ qǐ kě tīngxìn yīmiànzhīcí?

How can you just believe one side of the story?

此事的发展是我们能预料的?

Cǐ shì de fāzhǎn qǐ shì wǒmen néng yùliào de?

How could the development of this matter be something we can foresee?

是那种背信弃义的小人?

Tā qǐ shì nà zhǒng bèixìnqìyì de xiǎorén?

Is he really that kind of untrustworthy villain who betrays faith and justice?

面对如此诘问,他有不慌张之理?

Miànduì rúcǐ jíwèn, tā qǐ yǒu bù huāngzhāng zhī lǐ?

Faced with such cross-examination, how could he possibly have any reason not to be flustered?