Definitions

jiāo (adjective) burnt; scorched; charred
jiāo (adjective) worried; anxious
jiāo (noun) coke

Etymology

Originally a pictograph of a wren. Based on the original meaning "wren", now written as . Later used as a phonetic loan for "burn", after which the fire () component was added.

About

The character 焦, structurally composed of 隹 denoting a bird and 火 representing fire, originally conveyed the concrete idea of scorching or burning, derived from the image of a bird over flames. This core meaning facilitated a natural extension into describing states of anxiety or worry, metaphorically linking physical heat to emotional agitation. Over time, its applications broadened to include the browning of food through cooking, and further abstract uses such as in the term for focus, where it implies a point of concentrated intensity akin to a burn point. While its graphical form has remained consistent, the semantic journey of 焦 reflects a gradual shift from literal burning to various figurative and specialized meanings, all connected to its etymological origin.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Warring States (475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我的面包烤了。

Wǒ de miànbāo kǎo jiāo le.

My bread is burnt.

糖蛋糕很好吃。

Jiāotáng dàngāo hěn hǎochī.

Caramel cake is delicious.

他看起来很急。

Tā kàn qǐlái hěn jiāojí.

He looks very anxious.

点放在问题上。

Jiāodiǎn fàng zài wèntí shàng.

Focus on the problem.

他因虑而失眠。

Tā yīn jiāolǜ ér shīmián.

He can't sleep due to anxiety.

火灾后房屋黑。

Huǒzāi hòu fángwū jiāohēi.

After the fire, the house was burnt black.

炭用于钢铁生产。

Jiāotàn yòng yú gāngtiě shēngchǎn.

Coke is used in steel production.

耳是能量单位。

Jiāo'ěr shì néngliàng dānwèi.

Joule is a unit of energy.