Definitions

fān (adjective) foreign; non-Chinese
fān (noun) time; instance; occurrence
fān (numeral) -fold; times (as in twofold)
fān (noun) kind; sort

Etymology

Depicts an animal's claw () with their paw shown. also represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "animal's paw", now written as . The current meaning is a phonetic loan.

About

The character 番 is an ideogrammatic compound combining the top component 釆 (biàn), which originally depicted the distinct footprints of a wild animal, with the lower radical 田 (tián), meaning a cultivated field. This structure visually suggests animal tracks appearing across farmland, evoking notions of sequence, repetition, and a series of events. From this imagery, the character developed its primary function as a measure word for actions or occurrences, indicating how many times something happens. Through historical phonetic borrowing and cross-regional influence, it also acquired a secondary meaning related to foreign lands, non-native peoples, or things introduced from outside.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

妈妈买了茄。

Māma mǎi le fānqié.

Mom bought tomatoes.

薯是一种健康食物。

Fānshǔ shì yī zhǒng jiànkāng shíwù.

Sweet potatoes are a healthy food.

他有一自己的道理。

Tā yǒu yī fān zìjǐ de dàolǐ.

He has his own reasoning.

他们轮上场表演。

Tāmen lúnfān shàngchǎng biǎoyǎn.

They take turns performing on stage.

请记住你的部队号。

Qǐng jìzhù nǐ de bùduì fānhào.

Please remember your military unit number.

这本小说有外篇。

Zhè běn xiǎoshuō yǒu fānwàipiān.

This novel has an extra story.

信封上要写明地。

Xìnfēng shàng yào xiěmíng fāndì.

The envelope must have the lot number written on it.

古代中国称外国为邦。

Gǔdài Zhōngguó chēng wàiguó wéi fānbāng.

In ancient China, foreign countries were called fanbang.