Definitions

yán (verb) to research; to study
yán (verb) to grind

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "研" is a phono-semantic compound formed from the semantic radical "石" meaning stone and the phonetic component "幵" which historically indicated its pronunciation. Its original meaning was the physical act of grinding or polishing with a stone, and through metaphorical extension, this sense of thorough, abrasive processing evolved to denote meticulous examination or inquiry, leading to its current primary meaning associated with research and study. In modern script, the phonetic element is commonly written as "开", yet the character's composition retains its foundational reference to stone.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我们在究问题。

Wǒmen zài yánjiū wèntí.

We are researching problems.

科学家究新药物。

Kēxuéjiā yánjiū xīn yàowù.

Scientists research new drugs.

公司发新产品。

Gōngsī yánfā xīn chǎnpǐn.

The company develops new products.

磨咖啡豆。

Tā yánmó kāfēi dòu.

He grinds coffee beans.

这个究结果很重要。

Zhège yánjiū jiéguǒ hěn zhòngyào.

This research result is very important.

他们正在深入究这个课题。

Tāmen zhèngzài shēnrù yánjiū zhège kètí.

They are deeply researching this topic.

为了成功,我们必须仔细究市场。

Wèile chénggōng, wǒmen bìxū zǐxì yánjiū shìchǎng.

To succeed, we must carefully research the market.

经过多年的究,他终于发现了真相。

Jīngguò duōnián de yánjiū, tā zhōngyú fāxiànle zhēnxiàng.

After years of research, he finally discovered the truth.