Definitions

sōng used in 惺忪[xīng sōng]
zhōng restless; agitated

Etymology phono-semantic

heart

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

A phono-semantic compound, combines the heart radical (xīn) on the left, indicating emotions or psychological states, with the phonetic (gōng) on the right. It occurs almost exclusively in two binomes. Pronounced zhōng, it pairs with to form 怔忪 (zhēngzhōng), a state of extreme terror, agitation, or nervous palpitation. Pronounced sōng, it pairs with to form 惺忪 (xīngsōng), describing the drowsy confusion just after waking. In both cases, the meaning refers to a temporary cognitive or emotional condition, not a permanent trait.