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The traditional form 愾 pairs the heart radical 忄, which indicates emotion, with the phonetic 氣. The simplified form 忾 uses 气, which serves as both a phonetic component and a semantic indicator of breath or anger. Its core meaning is to sigh in despair or feel indignation. It commonly appears in the compound 同仇敌忾, which describes sharing a common hatred for an enemy. This structure links the internal emotional state, signaled by the heart radical, to its external expression through breath or vital energy.
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