Definitions

juàn impetuous; rash; upright (character)
juàn nimble; variant of 狷[juàn]; impetuous; rash

Etymology phono-semantic

dog

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character combines the dog radical on the left with the phonetic on the right, originally suggesting animal-like behavior. Its meaning shifted to describe human traits: someone cautious, overly timid, or stubbornly clinging to principles and refusing to conform. Famously contrasted with words for wildness in Confucian philosophy, denotes a person so scrupulously restrained that they avoid any wrongdoing, making it an important ethical-psychological descriptor in classical moral discourse.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern