Definitions

xiān (adjective) fresh; tasty; delicious
xiān (adjective) bright in color
xiǎn (adjective) few; rare

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 鲜, traditionally written as 鮮, is structurally composed of the semantic components 鱼 meaning fish and 羊 meaning sheep, a combination that points to an initial association with the concept of fresh food, particularly newly caught fish or recently slaughtered mutton. Its earliest meanings centered on "fresh" or "new", from which it naturally extended to describe something as "delicious" owing to the palatable nature of fresh ingredients. Over centuries, the character also acquired a separate semantic layer meaning "rare" or "few", a sense that is distinguished by the pronunciation xiǎn compared to the more common xiān, representing a shift from concrete freshness to abstract scarcity.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这牛奶很新

Zhè niúnǎi hěn xīnxiān.

This milk is very fresh.

她买了一些花。

Tā mǎile yīxiē xiānhuā.

She bought some fresh flowers.

的味道真美。

Hǎixiān de wèidào zhēn xiānměi.

The seafood tastes really delicious and fresh.

他的观点非常明。

Tā de guāndiǎn fēicháng xiānmíng.

His viewpoint is very clear and distinct.

这种水果有人知。

Zhè zhǒng shuǐguǒ xiǎn yǒu rén zhī.

This type of fruit is rarely known by people.

这幅画的色彩明亮丽。

Zhè fú huà de sècǎi xiānmíng liànglì.

The colors in this painting are vivid and bright.

他向我们讲述了为人知的历史。

Tā xiàng wǒmen jiǎngshùle xiǎn wéi rén zhī de lìshǐ.

He told us about the little-known history.

这种现象在当今社会已屡见不

Zhè zhǒng xiànxiàng zài dāngjīn shèhuì yǐ lǚ jiàn bù xiān.

This phenomenon has become commonplace in today's society.