Definitions

gǒu (particle) if; supposing
gǒu (adjective) careless; negligent
gǒu (adverb) temporarily

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "苟" is structured with the grass radical "艹" positioned above the phonetic component "句", a formation that points to its early semantic connection to plant life. Etymologically, it originally denoted a specific kind of grass, yet through gradual linguistic development, it acquired abstract meanings such as "careless" or "temporary", evident in compounds like "苟且". This semantic expansion also led to its adoption in classical Chinese as a conditional particle conveying "if" or "provided that", marking a transition from concrete reference to grammatical utility. While the visual composition continues to hint at its botanical origins, the operative meanings of the character have long shifted away from this literal foundation.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

且偷生是不负责任的表现。

Gǒuqiě tóushēng shì bù fù zérèn de biǎoxiàn.

Living just for the sake of staying alive is an irresponsible behavior.

他绝不会同这种荒谬的观点。

Tā jué bù huì gǒutóng zhè zhǒng huāngmiù de guāndiǎn.

He would never agree with such an absurd viewpoint.

在原则问题上,我们不能有一丝且。

Zài yuánzé wèntí shàng, wǒmen bù néng yǒu yīsī gǒuqiě.

On matters of principle, we cannot have the slightest compromise.

那种延残喘的生活毫无尊严。

Nà zhǒng gǒu yán cán chuǎn de shēnghuó háo wú zūnyán.

That kind of precarious life clinging to survival has no dignity at all.

他宁愿清白地死,也不愿活于世。

Tā nìngyuàn qīngbái de sǐ, yě bù yuàn gǒuhuó yú shì.

He would rather die with a clear conscience than live on in degradation.

科学研究需要严谨,容不得半点且。

Kēxué yánjiū xūyào yánjǐn, róng bu dé bàndiǎn gǒuqiě.

Scientific research requires rigor and allows no carelessness whatsoever.

这种合的利益联盟注定不会长久。

Zhè zhǒng gǒuhé de lìyì liánméng zhùdìng bù huì chángjiǔ.

This kind of unprincipled alliance of interests is doomed to be short-lived.

面对强权,他从未且偷安,而是奋起抗争。

Miànduì qiángquán, tā cóng wèi gǒuqiě tōu'ān, ér shì fènqǐ kàngzhēng.

In the face of power, he never sought a shameful peace, but instead rose up to resist.