Definitions

xíng (noun) punishment; penalty
xíng (verb) torture; execute punishment

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

About

The character 刑, representing punishment or penalty, derives from an early composite structure combining the element 井, which in this context likely denotes the orderly bounds or regulations of society, and the knife radical 刂, explicitly indicating the infliction of physical harm. This construction points to its original, concrete meaning of corporal or capital punishment, a judicial act carried out within a prescribed legal framework. Over time, the semantic scope of the character expanded from these specific brutal acts to encompass the broader, abstract concept of criminal law and legal sanctions in general. While its graphic form has stabilized, the conceptual evolution of 刑 reflects a shift from focusing on the act of punishment itself to the system that administers it, though the inherent notion of penal consequence remains central to its meaning.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Spring and Autumn (771-476 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

法很重要。

xíng fǎ hěn zhòng yào.

Criminal law is very important.

罚必须公正。

xíng fá bì xū gōng zhèng.

Punishment must be fair.

法官宣布了罚。

fǎ guān xuān bù le xíng fá.

The judge announced the punishment.

这是一起事案件。

zhè shì yì qǐ xíng shì àn jiàn.

This is a criminal case.

如果犯罪就要接受罚。

rú guǒ fàn zuì jiù yào jiē shòu xíng fá.

If you commit a crime, you must accept punishment.

他的期是三年。

tā de xíng qī shì sān nián.

His prison term is three years.

严酷的罚不能杜绝犯罪。

yán kù de xíng fá bù néng dù jué fàn zuì.

Harsh punishment cannot eliminate crime.

现代法强调预防和改造。

xiàn dài xíng fǎ qiáng diào yù fáng hé gǎi zào.

Modern criminal law emphasizes prevention and rehabilitation.