Definitions

chéng (noun) city; town
chéng (noun) city wall

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 城, which denotes a city or city wall, is formed from the semantic component 土 (earth) and the phonetic component 成 (to complete), indicating its original connection to earthen defensive structures. Initially referring specifically to the fortified wall surrounding a settlement, its meaning gradually broadened to include the entire urban area within those walls, reflecting the wall's defining role in ancient urban spaces. This evolution from a specific architectural feature to a general term for a city represents a common metonymic shift in the language.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Warring States (~400 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

市很漂亮。

Chéngshì hěn piàoliang.

The city is very beautiful.

我们去里玩。

Wǒmen qù chéng lǐ wán.

We go to the city to play.

这座有古老的历史。

Zhè zuò chéng yǒu gǔlǎo de lìshǐ.

This city has ancient history.

墙保护了市的安全。

Chéngqiáng bǎohù le chéngshì de ānquán.

The city wall protects the safety of the city.

北京是中国的首都市。

Běijīng shì Zhōngguó de shǒudū chéngshì.

Beijing is the capital city of China.

市规划需要考虑交通问题。

Chéngshì guīhuà xūyào kǎolǜ jiāotōng wèntí.

City planning needs to consider traffic issues.

随着市化进程,许多乡村变成了市。

Suízhe chéngshìhuà jìnchéng, xǔduō xiāngcūn biàn chéngle chéngshì.

With the urbanization process, many villages have become cities.

在数字化时代,智慧市的概念越来越重要。

Zài shùzìhuà shídài, zhìhuì chéngshì de gàiniàn yuè lái yuè zhòngyào.

In the digital age, the concept of smart cities is becoming more and more important.