Definitions

cave; hole

Etymology phono-semantic

earth

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character is a phono-semantic compound: the left-side radical 'earth' ties it to soil and terrain, while the right-side (qū) provides the pronunciation 'kū'. Its meanings are a cave, a hole in the ground, or an excavated ditch, emphasizing excavation over natural openings. Though similar to other characters for cave or hole, especially highlights the act of digging. It appears often in historical texts and is widely familiar from Japanese proper nouns and surnames, where it denotes a moat or a canal dug around a fortification.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern