Definitions

làn (adjective) rotten; decomposed
làn (adjective) soft; mushy; well-cooked
làn (adjective) messy; chaotic
làn (adjective) worn out; broken down
làn (adverb) utterly; thoroughly

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character 烂 (làn) is a phono-semantic compound. Its left side is the fire radical 火 (huǒ), which originally indicated meanings related to brightness or thorough cooking by heat. The right side is the phonetic component 兰 (lán), replacing the more complex element 闌 (lán) from its traditional form 爛. Historically, the character was used to describe radiant light or well-cooked food. Over time, its primary meaning shifted from the positive sense of being cooked soft to more negative connotations like overripe, spoiled, decaying, or rotten, though it still describes soft or mushy textures in cooked foods.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

水果已经腐了。

Shuǐguǒ yǐjīng fǔlàn le.

The fruit has already rotten.

阳光灿的日子。

Yángguāng cànlàn de rìzi.

A day with brilliant sunshine.

孩子们天真漫。

Háizimen tiānzhēn lànmàn.

The children are innocent and artless.

他把课文背得熟。

Tā bǎ kèwén bèi dé lànshú.

He has memorized the text thoroughly.

路上全是泥。

Lùshàng quán shì lànní.

The road is full of mud.

他留下了一个摊子。

Tā liúxiàle yīgè làn tānzi.

He left behind a mess.

他昨晚喝得醉。

Tā zuó wǎn hē dé lànzuì.

He was dead drunk last night.

那个工程尾了。

Nàgè gōngchéng lànwěi le.

That construction project was left unfinished.