Definitions

sūn (noun) grandson; descendant
Sūn (noun) surname

Etymology

Simplified form of . A grandchild is a small () child ().

About

The character for "grandchild" or "descendant", now written as 孙 in its simplified form and 孫 in traditional form, derives from an etymology centered on lineage, where the traditional structure combines 子, meaning "child", with 系, implying a thread or continuation, to represent offspring extending the family line. Over centuries, its semantic scope widened from a specific reference to a son's child to include descendants of subsequent generations more broadly, while the simplified form 孙 substitutes the component 系 with 小, changing the character's compositional logic but not its fundamental meaning. This character also functions as a common surname, an application that further diversified its use beyond strict familial terminology.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Spring and Autumn (771-476 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Warring States (~300 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Xin dynasty (9-23 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我的子很可爱。

Wǒ de sūnzi hěn kě'ài.

My grandson is very cute.

她有一个可爱的女。

Tā yǒu yī gè kě'ài de sūnnǚ.

She has a lovely granddaughter.

子在公园里玩。

Sūnzi zài gōngyuán lǐ wán.

The grandson is playing in the park.

爷爷每天陪子读书。

Yéye měitiān péi sūnzi dúshū.

Grandpa accompanies his grandson to study every day.

中山是中国伟人。

Sūn Zhōngshān shì Zhōngguó wěirén.

Sun Yat-sen is a great Chinese figure.

教授在大学里教历史。

Sūn jiàoshòu zài dàxué lǐ jiào lìshǐ.

Professor Sun teaches history at the university.

悟空是中国神话中的英雄。

Sūn Wùkōng shì Zhōngguó shénhuà zhōng de yīngxióng.

Sun Wukong is a hero in Chinese mythology.

中山先生领导了辛亥革命。

Sūn Zhōngshān xiānsheng lǐngdǎo le Xīnhài Gémìng.

Mr. Sun Yat-sen led the Xinhai Revolution.