Definitions

(noun) military service; war; battle
(noun) forced labor; corvée; obligatory task
(verb) to use as servant; to employ

Etymology

Originally written as , which depicts a person () being controlled by a weapon (). Based on the original meaning "to command". The meaning later shifted to "servant" and "service".

About

The character 役 (yì) combines the step radical 彳 (chì), indicating movement or marching, with 殳 (shū), a weapon or act of striking. This structure points to its origins in military conscription or armed service. The meaning later expanded to include mandatory labor, civic duties, and public works, ultimately referring broadly to service, duty, or employment as a servant.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

他在军队服

Tā zài jūnduì fú yì.

He is serving in the military.

是公民的义务。

Bīng yì shì gōngmín de yìwù.

Military service is a citizen's duty.

这场战非常激烈。

Zhè chǎng zhàn yì fēicháng jīliè.

This battle is very fierce.

他退后开始了新生活。

Tā tuì yì hòu kāishǐle xīn shēnghuó.

After retiring from military service, he started a new life.

古代有劳制度。

Gǔdài yǒu láo yì zhìdù.

In ancient times, there was a corvée system.

使牲畜是传统农业的一部分。

Yì shǐ shēngchù shì chuántǒng nóngyè de yī bùfen.

Using draft animals is part of traditional agriculture.

在县衙里当差。

Yá yì zài xiàn yá lǐ dāng chāi.

The yamen runners work in the county yamen.

这场战的胜利改变了历史。

Zhè chǎng zhàn yì de shènglì gǎibiànle lìshǐ.

The victory of this battle changed history.