Definitions

hòu (adverb) after; behind; later
hòu (noun) queen; empress

Etymology

Depicts a queen mother () giving birth to her heir (𠫓). Based on the original meaning "heir to the throne". The meaning later expanded to "ruler", "successor", and "after".

About

The character (hòu) comes from an ancient depiction of a queen mother () giving birth to her heir (𠫓, an inverted child), originally conveying the meaning "heir to the throne". Over time, this sense broadened to refer to a ruler or empress. Separately, the traditional character , a compound of (step) with elements for walking and binding, expressed spatial "behind" or temporal "after". In the modern writing system, absorbed these additional meanings as part of script simplification. As a result, the character now denotes both a sovereign consort and the concept of following in space or time.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Warring States (~400 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Warring States (~250 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我坐在面。

Wǒ zuò zài hòumiàn.

I sit at the back.

放学我回家。

Fàngxué hòu wǒ huí jiā.

After school, I go home.

他笑了。

Ránhòu tā xiào le.

Then he laughed.

天空很蓝。

Yǔ hòu tiānkōng hěn lán.

After the rain, the sky is very blue.

有一把伞。

Mén hòu yǒu yī bǎ sǎn.

There is an umbrella behind the door.

她坐在我的面。

Tā zuò zài wǒ de hòumiàn.

She sits behind me.

考试,我觉得轻松。

Kǎoshì hòu, wǒ juéde qīngsōng.

After the exam, I feel relaxed.

在未来的工业时代,技术将主导一切。

Zài wèilái de hòu gōngyè shídài, jìshù jiāng zhǔdǎo yīqiè.

In the future post-industrial era, technology will dominate everything.