Definitions

yān (verb) to flood; to submerge; to drown
yān (verb) to irritate the skin (of liquids)
yān (verb) to delay

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "淹", traditionally written with its water radical (氵) on the left and the phonetic component "奄" (yǎn) on the right, originally conveyed the core meaning of soaking, immersing, or submerging in water. Over time, its semantic field expanded from the literal act of flooding to include more figurative or extended senses, such as to be detained or delayed, as if held back by water, and to perspire profusely. The component "奄" itself carries connotations of covering or enveloping, which aligns with the idea of something being overcome or encompassed by liquid.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这场大雨了街道。

Zhè chǎng dà yǔ yān le jiēdào.

This heavy rain flooded the streets.

洪水差点了我们的房子。

Hóngshuǐ chàdiǎn yān le wǒmen de fángzi.

The flood almost submerged our house.

他的声音被掌声没了。

Tā de shēngyīn bèi zhǎngshēng yānmò le.

His voice was drowned out by the applause.

不要让孩子在河边玩,小心着。

Bùyào ràng háizi zài hé biān wán, xiǎoxīn yān zhe.

Don't let the children play by the river; be careful they don't drown.

整个村庄被的消息令人难过。

Zhěnggè cūnzhuāng bèi yān de xiāoxi lìng rén nánguò.

The news that the entire village was flooded is saddening.

历史资料被水过,有些字迹已经模糊。

Lìshǐ zīliào bèi shuǐ yān guò, yǒuxiē zìjì yǐjīng móhu.

The historical documents were soaked by water, and some of the handwriting is already blurred.

持续的暴雨导致多条河流水位上涨,没了农田。

Chíxù de bàoyǔ dǎozhì duō tiáo héliú shuǐwèi shàngzhǎng, yānmò le nóngtián.

Persistent heavy rain caused the water levels of several rivers to rise, inundating the farmland.

为了防止海水倒灌没低洼地区,政府修建了坚固的防洪堤。

Wèile fángzhǐ hǎishuǐ dàoguàn yānmò dīwā dìqū, zhèngfǔ xiūjiàn le jiāngù de fánghóngdī.

To prevent seawater backflow from flooding low-lying areas, the government built a sturdy seawall.