Definitions

(verb) must; have to
(noun) beard; mustache

Etymology

Pictograph of a person with a bearded face. Simplified form of . The meaning "must" is a phonetic loan.

About

The character 须 derives from the traditional form 須, an ideographic and phono-semantic compound. Its traditional structure combines the hair radical 彡 on the left with the head radical 頁 on the right; the simplified form modifies the right side to the component 页. This visual pairing of hair on a head originally denoted facial hair, such as a beard or whiskers. While this specific noun sense persists in certain compound words, the character’s primary function underwent a major grammatical shift, becoming an auxiliary verb meaning "must", "have to", or "necessary". This transition transformed 须 from a concrete physical noun into a highly frequent abstract particle indicating obligation or requirement.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Warring States (475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

你必早点睡觉。

Nǐ bìxū zǎo diǎn shuìjiào.

You must go to bed early.

我们要更多时间。

Wǒmen xūyào gèng duō shíjiān.

We need more time.

学习要耐心。

Xuéxí xūyào nàixīn.

Studying requires patience.

这件事仔细考虑。

Zhè jiàn shì xū zǐxì kǎolǜ.

This matter must be carefully considered.

进入大楼出示证件。

Jìnrù dàlóu xū chūshì zhèngjiàn.

Entering the building requires showing identification.

完成这个项目团队合作。

Wánchéng zhège xiàngmù xū tuánduì hézuò.

Completing this project requires teamwork.

在紧急情况下,保持冷静。

Zài jǐnjí qíngkuàng xià, xū bǎochí lěngjìng.

In emergency situations, one must remain calm.

根据公司规定,员工按时提交报告。

Gēnjù gōngsī guīdìng, yuángōng xū ànshí tíjiāo bàogào.

According to company regulations, employees must submit reports on time.