Definitions

(noun) servant
(verb) to fall forward; to fall prostrate

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "仆" has a history of divergence between its traditional and simplified forms, leading to distinct meanings. The traditional form "僕" originally depicted a servant, composed of a person radical alongside elements suggesting menial work or criminal status, reflecting its core meaning of an attendant or subordinate. Through structural simplification, the character was reduced to "仆", a form already existing in the classical lexicon with a separate meaning derived from its components of a person and a hand, conveying the action of falling forward or prostrating oneself. Consequently, the simplified form "仆" now primarily carries this older sense of toppling over, while the original servile meaning is retained and represented solely by the more complex traditional form "僕", creating a clear semantic split based on the character's graphical evolution.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms: 222-280 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

这个人很聪明。

Zhège púrén hěn cōngmíng.

This servant is very smart.

他雇佣了一个人。

Tā gùyōngle yīgè púrén.

He hired a servant.

国王有许多从。

Guówáng yǒu xǔduō púcóng.

The king has many attendants.

役们正在打扫房间。

Púyìmen zhèngzài dǎsǎo fángjiān.

The servants are cleaning the room.

他不小心倒在地。

Tā bù xiǎoxīn pū dǎo zài dì.

He accidentally fell to the ground.

那个老人讲述了过去的故事。

Nàgè lǎo púrén jiǎngshùle guòqù de gùshi.

That old servant told stories from the past.

在古代,人的地位非常低下。

Zài gǔdài, púrén de dìwèi fēicháng dīxià.

In ancient times, the status of servants was very low.

尽管他出身役家庭,但通过努力成为了学者。

Jǐnguǎn tā chūshēn púyì jiātíng, dàn tōngguò nǔlì chéngwéile xuézhě.

Although he came from a servant family, he became a scholar through hard work.