Definitions

qián (noun) front; ahead
qián (adverb) before; ago; previous
qián (adjective) forward
qián (noun) future

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the sound, and represents the meaning. Based on the original meaning "cut", now written as . The current meaning "in front" is a phonetic loan.

About

The character "前" originated from a pictographic representation of a foot on a boat moving forward, combining elements that depicted movement on water, which was its earliest meaning related to physical advancement. Over time, this core idea of moving forward broadened to encompass the concept of precedence in both spatial and temporal dimensions, leading to its modern meanings of "front", "ahead", and "before". The traditional form, which is identical to the simplified in this case, structurally incorporates the component "止" for foot and a element representing a boat, though its modern appearance has stylized these origins. This semantic expansion from a specific action to a general indicator of position and sequence represents the primary shift in its application within the language.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

请到面来。

Qǐng dào qiánmiàn lái.

Please come to the front.

他站在门

Tā zhàn zài mén qián.

He is standing in front of the door.

我以住在上海。

Wǒ yǐqián zhù zài Shànghǎi.

I used to live in Shanghai.

考试要好好休息。

Kǎoshì qián yào hǎohǎo xiūxi.

You should rest well before the exam.

进的速度很快。

Qiánjìn de sùdù hěn kuài.

The speed of advancement is very fast.

在出发,请检查车辆。

Zài chūfā qián, qǐng jiǎnchá chēliàng.

Before departure, please check the vehicle.

科学家关注沿科学。

Kēxuéjiā guānzhù qiányán kēxué.

Scientists focus on cutting-edge science.

在做出重要决定,必须谨慎思考。

Zài zuò chū zhòngyào juédìng qián, bìxū jǐnshèn sīkǎo.

Before making an important decision, one must think carefully.