Definitions

xiào (noun,adjective) filial piety; to be filial
xiào (noun) mourning garments

Etymology

Depicts a child () respecting an old man (), conveying the meaning "filial piety".

About

The character "孝", denoting filial piety, is etymologically constructed from the components for old age and child, forming a pictographic representation of a younger generation supporting the elder, which directly informs its fundamental meaning of respectful care for parents and ancestors. Its conceptual importance was solidified in early Chinese philosophical works, particularly within Confucianism, where it was elevated to a cardinal virtue central to maintaining familial and social order. While the essential definition has remained consistent, the practical applications of filial duty have occasionally extended to include aspects of ancestral veneration and broader ethical responsibilities, yet the character's graphical composition has persisted unchanged throughout its history, preserving the visual metaphor of intergenerational dependence.

Etymology Hide

Bronze etymology image
Bronze Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)
Bronze etymology image
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Seal etymology image
Seal Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

道是中华民族的传统美德。

Xiàodào shì zhōnghuá mínzú de chuántǒng měidé.

Filial piety is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.

他非常顺自己的父母。

Tā fēichāng xiàoshùn zìjǐ de fùmǔ.

He is very filial to his parents.

子女对父母要有心。

Zǐnǚ duì fùmǔ yào yǒu xiàoxīn.

Children should have filial devotion towards their parents.

的方式有很多种。

Jìn xiào de fāngshì yǒu hěn duō zhǒng.

There are many ways to fulfill one's filial duties.

现代社会的道观念有所变化。

Xiàndài shèhuì de xiàodào guānniàn yǒu suǒ biànhuà.

The concept of filial piety has changed somewhat in modern society.

他将的精神延伸到尊敬师长。

Tā jiāng xiào de jīngshén yánshēn dào zūnjìng shīzhǎng.

He extends the spirit of filial piety to respecting his teachers.

赡养父母是法律规定的行。

Shànyǎng fùmǔ shì fǎlǜ guīdìng de xiàoxíng.

Supporting one's parents is a filial act mandated by law.

真正的在于理解和尊重,而不仅仅是义务。

Zhēnzhèng de xiào zàiyú lǐjiě hé zūnzhòng, ér bùjǐnjǐn shì yìwù.

True filial piety lies in understanding and respect, not merely obligation.