Definitions

sāi (verb) to stuff; to stop up; to block; to squeeze in
sài (noun) strategic pass; border fortress
(verb) to block; to stuff

Etymology

Depicts two hands () stuffing various objects () into an enclosed space (). The (earth) component was added later.

Semantic:

About

The character 塞, whose traditional form retains the same structure, originated from a pictographic concept of obstruction, constructed from components representing a roof (宀), two hands (丿), and earth (土) to depict the act of filling or blocking an opening with earth and stones. Its core meaning has consistently centered on the idea of stopping up or plugging, as in blocking a passage, which naturally extended to signify a strategically blocked or fortified place, hence a frontier pass or fortress. Over time, this concrete notion of a blocking point was abstracted into verbal uses meaning to fill in or cram, and further into the adjectival sense of being impassable or congested, demonstrating how its semantic field expanded from physical barriers to encompass various states of obstruction and fullness.

Etymology Hide

Oracle etymology image
Oracle (~1250-1000 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)
Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我的书包满了书。

Wǒ de shūbāo sāi mǎn le shū.

My backpack is stuffed with books.

路上车了。

Lù shang sāi chē le.

There is a traffic jam on the road.

他把袜子进鞋里。

Tā bǎ wàzi sāi jìn xié lǐ.

He stuffed the socks into the shoes.

这个箱子不下更多东西。

Zhège xiāngzi sāi bù xià gèng duō dōngxi.

This box cannot hold more things.

地区风景壮丽。

Biān sài dìqū fēngjǐng zhuànglì.

The frontier region has magnificent scenery.

给我一张纸条。

Tā sāi gěi wǒ yī zhāng zhǐtiáo.

He slipped me a note.

管道被杂物住了。

Guǎndào bèi záwù sāi zhù le.

The pipe is blocked by debris.

在表格里入太多信息会显得混乱。

Zài biǎogé lǐ sāi rù tài duō xìnxī huì xiǎnde hǔnluàn.

Putting too much information in the form will make it look messy.