Definitions

kuò (verb) to enclose; to include
guā (verb) to scrape; to pare

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and 𠯑 represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "括" originated as a phono-semantic compound, incorporating the hand radical to suggest manual activity and the component "舌" which historically functioned as a phonetic element, with its earliest recorded meanings focusing on tangible actions such as fastening or tying objects together. Over time, its semantic scope gradually widened beyond physical binding to embrace more abstract applications, including the concepts of encompassing and summarizing, which are now evident in modern lexical combinations like "包括" for inclusion and "概括" for generalization. This shift in meaning from concrete to abstract domains illustrates the character's adaptive capacity within the language, all while maintaining its essential structural composition without fundamental graphic change.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Jin dynasty (266-316 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

水果包苹果和香蕉。

Shuǐguǒ bāokuò píngguǒ hé xiāngjiāo.

Fruits include apples and bananas.

我们的课程包数学和科学。

Wǒmen de kèchéng bāokuò shùxué hé kēxué.

Our curriculum includes math and science.

请用住这个数字。

Qǐng yòng kuòhào kuò zhù zhège shùzì.

Please enclose this number in brackets.

他概了会议的主要内容。

Tā gàikuò le huìyì de zhǔyào nèiróng.

He summarized the main points of the meeting.

旅行计划包交通、住宿和餐饮。

Lǚxíng jìhuà bāokuò jiāotōng、 zhùsù hé cānyǐn.

The travel plan includes transportation, accommodation, and meals.

这本书囊了所有基础知识。

Zhè běn shū nángkuò le suǒyǒu jīchǔ zhīshì.

This book encompasses all basic knowledge.

我在内,大家都同意这个建议。

Bāokuò wǒ zài nèi, dàjiā dōu tóngyì zhège jiànyì.

Including me, everyone agrees with this suggestion.

在总结报告中,他首先概了项目背景,然后详细列出了包预算、时间表在内的各项内容。

Zài zǒngjié bàogào zhōng, tā shǒuxiān gàikuò le xiàngmù bèijǐng, ránhòu xiángxì liè chūle bāokuò yùsuàn、 shíjiānbiǎo zài nèi de gè xiàng nèiróng.

In the summary report, he first outlined the project background, then detailed various contents including budget and schedule.