Definitions

(noun) mud; clay
(noun) paste; pulp
(adjective) restrained

Etymology

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Semantic: Phonetic:

About

The character "泥" is structurally a phono-semantic compound, combining the water radical on the left to signify its association with fluid substances and the phonetic component "尼" on the right to suggest its pronunciation, originally denoting wet earth or mud. Its meaning gradually expanded to encompass a range of semi-fluid materials like clay, paste, or sludge, and in classical literary contexts, it acquired metaphorical layers, such as conveying obstinacy or an inflexible adherence to tradition, evident in compounds like "泥古". This shift from a concrete reference to earthy matter toward abstract implications of being stuck or persistent illustrates a natural extension in its semantic range across centuries, even as its graphical form has maintained consistency.

Etymology Hide

Seal etymology image
Seal Shuowen (~100 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)
Clerical etymology image
Clerical Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)
Traditional Modern
Simplified Modern

Example Sentences Hide

我的鞋子上有

Wǒ de xiézi shàng yǒu ní.

There is mud on my shoes.

孩子们在玩巴。

Háizimen zài wán níba.

The children are playing with mud.

这条路变得很泞。

Zhè tiáo lù biàn de hěn níning.

This road has become very muddy.

建筑工人正在搅拌水

Jiànzhù gōngrén zhèngzài jiǎobàn shuǐní.

The construction workers are mixing cement.

河底的淤需要清理。

Hédǐ de yūní xūyào qīnglǐ.

The silt at the river bottom needs to be cleaned.

暴雨后,田野里一片沼。

Bàoyǔ hòu, tiányě lǐ yī piàn nízhǎo.

After the heavy rain, the fields are a swamp.

陶艺师熟练地揉着料。

Táoyìshī shúliàn de róu zhe níliào.

The potter is skillfully kneading the clay.

由于长期干旱,土地已经龟裂成块。

Yóuyú chángqī gānhàn, tǔdì yǐjīng guīliè chéng níkuài.

Due to the long-term drought, the land has cracked into mud clods.